The Sinnetts (Sinnott/Sennett/Synnott)

Jane Sinnett was the wife of John Evers Cuff(e) and mother of Kate (Cuffe) Paradice.  According to a family story, she was born in Ireland, where her father was a school teacher.  While Jane was still a child the family immigrated to Canada.  On the journey her father died and was buried at sea.  Jane’s widowed mother was unable to care for all her children, and Jane was adopted by another family.

This story was a poor starting point for researching Jane’s family history, and the Canadian records initially yielded little.  Her death certificate listed her parents as Mathew Sinnett (possibly Sennett) and Margaret Pepper.  Given the story that Jane had been adopted, it was unclear whether these people were her birth parents or adoptive parents.  However, at a time when people were more likely to “adopt” a child hoping for a servant than to adopt out of childlessness and longing for an heir, birth parents were more likely.  Regardless, the only Sinnetts or Sennetts living in St. Catharines or Lincoln County were Roman Catholics, which made them unlikely relatives for the matriarch of a family of Methodists and Baptists.

A breakthrough in the research came as a message from Gert Howell, the great-granddaughter of Pat Sennett, whom she believed to be Jane’s brother.  Gert’s mother had left notes on what she remembered about Pat’s background.  The notes showed that Pat was the eldest child of a large family, including three sets of twins,[1] whose father was Catholic and whose mother was Presbyterian.  The family had come to Canada on a sailing vessel, and the father had died at sea.  “His body was wrapped in canvas and thrown overboard.  If a body was kept on the boat, sharks followed it and tried to upset it.”  Gert went on to say that she had found a record of Pat Sennett’s marriage to Mary Doyle in the Catholic Church in St. Catharines.  The marriage record listed Pat’s parents as Michael Sennett (not Mathew) and Margaret Pepper.

The “Noonan Family History” on Ancestry.com provided similar information[2].  It stated that Michael Sinnett was born to John and Elizabeth Sinnett in County Wexford, Ireland in 1792.  He was a school teacher until he married Margaret Pepper in 1831.  Shortly thereafter, Michael rented a farm in County Wexford near his father’s residence, which was about one mile from the village of Klennygall,[3] where they lived for 17 years.  In 1848, at the height of the potato famine, Michael’s family, including 11 children, left their farm and sailed for Canada along with Michael’s brothers John and Garrett Sinnett.  During the trip, Michael died and was buried at sea.  A few days later, baby Ellen also died.  Margaret, her remaining 10 children, and her brothers-in-law continued on to Canada, sailing up the St. Lawrence River to Lake Ontario and eventually landing in Port Dalhousie near St. Catharines.

This information was enough to find census records of a Mathew Sinnet living in Port Dalhousie and a Margaret Sinnett living in St. Catharines with a family of Sullivans.  Additional records include a 1920 death registration for Matthew Sinnett that shows his parents as Michael Sinnett and Margaret Peper.  From the death record it appears likely that Mathew Sinnett is Jane’s brother, as is the Patrick Sennett, son of Michael Sennett and Margaret Pepper, who died in Illinois in 1920.[4]  

Records from the Parish of Clonegal, County Carlow, round out the information on the Sinnett family.  The Clonegal parish records show Michael, Garrett, and John Sinnott residing in “Garryhastin.” Garryhasten (the current spelling) is located in County Wexford but borders on Counties Carlow and Wicklow.  It is 2.4 km by (current) road from Clonegall, County Carlow, and 1.8 km from Clonegal Watch House Village, County Wexford.  

Location of Garryhasten

The Griffith’s Valuation of 1853 records an Elizabeth Sinnott (possibly Michael’s mother?) living in Garryhasten.[5]  She was the tenant of a house and lands owned by Geroge W. Maunsell, who owned several other properties in the area, some of them vacant.  Vacancy was common at the end of the potato famine, as many tenants had been evicted due to their inability to pay rent or had left voluntarily to find opportunities in North America.

The Clonegal parish registers record the following children of Michael or Mick Sinnott (sometimes spelled Synnott) and Margaret or Peg Pepper (sometimes shown as Peppard):

Mary Sinnett presumably was born in Garryhasten, County Wexford, the residence shown on the parish register. She was christened on August 12, 1838, in Clonegal, Carlow, Ireland.[6]

Margaret Sinnett presumably was born in Garryhasten and was christened on August 15, 1840, in Clonegal.[7] 

Mathew Sinnett presumably was born in Garryhasten and was christened on June 27, 1842 in Clonegal.[8]

Bridget Sinnett presumably was born in Garryhasten and was christened on May 6, 1845 in Clonegal.

Apparently two daughters named Ellen were baptized in Clonegal.  Ellen Sinnett #1 presumably was born in Garryhasten and was christened on August 6, 1843.[9]  Her parents were listed as Mick Sinnott and Marg. Peppard.  This Ellen appears too old to have been the “baby Ellen” who died at sea in 1848 according to the “Noonan Family Story.”  Presumably she died sometime before 1847 when the second Ellen was baptized.

Ellen Sinnett #2 was christened in Clonegal on August 8, 1847.[10]  Her parents were listed as Mick Synnott and Margaret 121.  Their residence similarly was shown as 121, which appears to be a code, perhaps for “illegible,” used in a hand transcription of the original parish register.  This incomplete information leaves some question as to whether the second Ellen actually was a daughter of Michael Sinnott and Margaret Pepper.  However, her christening date is consistent with a baby named Ellen who died at sea in about 1848.

The Clonegal Parish baptismal register lists only these five children of Michael and Margaret Sinnott and gives no hint of any twins.  It omits Patrick, probably because the earliest available register begins in January 1833.  According to his death certificate, Patrick was born on March 17, 1832.[11]  The register also omits Elizabeth, the sister (Mrs. Bradt) to whom the “Noonan Family History” attributes the stories of Michael’s and Margaret’s marriage and their immigration to Canada.  She, too, may have been born before January 1833.  Census records show her birth year to be the same as Patrick’s (1832),[12][13] but according to her obituary, she was born on February 2, 1833.[14] Most notably the baptismal register omits Jane, leaving open the possibility that she was not the biological daughter of Michael and Margaret Sinnott.

However, the register shows no children of Michael’s and Margaret’s family baptized in 1833 through 1837, although it is almost certain that children were born to them during those years.  One possible explanation is that all their children born during those years were stillborn or died so soon after birth that they were not baptized.  Alternative explanations are that the family attended a different church, or that the register is incomplete (e.g., lines missed in transcription).  Attendance at another church seems most likely; it is possible that the family did not move to Garryhasten until 1837 or 1838.

Let’s assume that Michael Sinnott and Margaret Pepper were Jane’s birth parents and consider what their lives must have been.  Their marriage itself was unusual in that, according to the “Noonan Family History,” Michael was a Catholic and Margaret was a Protestant.  The “Noonan Family History” says, “[The marriage] was against the laws of King William of Orange, which were still in force.  The feeling between the Protestant and Catholic creeds was very bitter.  A priest who performed a marriage ceremony between a Protestant and a Catholic was subject to the most extreme form of capital punishment, usually death by hanging.  Margaret voluntarily left the church of her father and joined the Catholic Church.  They were married by a veiled priest, a high official of the church in the monastery at Carlow.”

This story sounds rather fanciful, like a tale that has grown in the telling, but it has some basis in fact.  The Penal Laws of Ireland, among other restrictions, prohibited a Roman Catholic Priest from marrying a Protestant to a Catholic or marrying two Protestants.  The penalties varied over time.  Burke (1914)[15] describes the applicable laws.  The first of these, proclaimed under William III (William of Orange) in the late 1600s, prohibited a Protestant woman “possessed of or heir to real estate or personalty [personal property] of the value of £500” from marrying a man unless he had obtained a certificate stating that he was a known Protestant.  It also stated that a “popish priest or other person” convicted of conducting a forbidden marriage would “suffer one year’s imprisonment and forfeit £20.”  Further laws proclaimed under Queen Ann in the early 1700s pronounced that any popish priest convicted of celebrating matrimony knowing that either party was a Protestant would be declared a “popish regular.”  Under other laws anyone designated a “popish regular” was to be transported out of the kingdom.  A subsequent law proclaimed under George I in 1725 stated that a popish priest who performed the marriage of a Catholic and a Protestant or two Protestants would be guilty of a felony.  Felonies were punishable by death. However, judges could mitigate the sentence, and by the mid-eighteenth century not all felons were executed.[16]  According to Dunn (2012), the last hanging of a priest for performing an illegal marriage occurred in 1726, and from 1793 to 1833 the penalty was reduced to a fine of £5,000.[17]

While the priest who married Michael and Margaret would not have been subject to the death penalty, he would have risked a large fine.  In addition, his life might have been at risk from angry Protestants wanting to mete out their own form of justice.¹⁵  For those reasons perhaps he did wear a veil, but it apparently didn’t effectively hide his identity, if Michael and Margaret knew that he was “a high official of the church.”

Margaret would have faced real risks by marrying a Catholic.  She would have forfeited any property or inheritance, likely been estranged from her family, and lived a life of the deprivations that Catholics suffered.  Nevertheless, she embraced the Catholic faith, retaining it even when living with her daughter Margaret Sullivan and family, who gave their religion Baptist.[18]

Before and after his marriage Michael’s life must also have been affected by the repressive laws against Roman Catholics.  His ability to practice his profession as schoolteacher was limited.  Earlier the Penal Laws included schoolteachers among the “popish regulars” who could be transported.  By the time Michael was old enough to teach, Catholic children were being taught in charter charity schools, whose main purpose was to convert the children to Protestantism.  However, there were unofficial “hedge schools” run by Catholic teachers who were paid a meager salary by the students’ parents.[19]

Could the pay have been so poor that Michael turned to farming in the hope of better supporting a wife a family?  Agriculture offered little more than subsistence for the tenant farmer.  Did the opportunities for him to teach fade when a national school system with education for both Catholics and Protestants emerged in the 1830?  It seems unlikely, unless he lacked qualifications, because the majority of teachers in the Province of Leinster were Catholics^19,[20]  Genealogy research can tell us what happened, but the motivation for actions may be lost to history.

Whatever his reasoning, Michael appears to have made a poor choice when he decided to farm in the early 1830s.  Tenant farmers in Ireland were never well off.  In order to pay the rent they needed to use most of their small plots to grow produce for sale.  They relied on a potato, the “Irish lumper,” as their staple food because it used up relatively little arable land and resources.  According to Holderby (2016),¹⁹ “potatoes were eaten four times a day, roasted, boiled, made into potato cakes and boxty bread, or flavoured with salt or herrings if these were available.”

The potato crops began to fail in 1845, attacked by a fungus.  As the lumper was the only type of potato grown in Ireland, the blight was devastating.  Half the potato crop was lost in the first year, and three-quarters of the crop failed over the next seven years.[21]  As a result, many farmers were unable to feed their families, and hundreds of thousands died from starvation or diseases caused by malnutrition.  To make matters worse absentee British landlords evicted tenants who were unable to pay their rent.  As many as 500,000 people were evicted between 1846 and 1854.[22]

It was under these circumstances that the Sinnotts immigrated to Canada.  According to the “Noonan Family History,” their landlord gave them financial assistance to undertake the move.  If so, he appears to have been more charitable than most landlords.

Assuming that the timeline in the “Noonan Family History” is correct, the Sinnott family would have arrived in Port Dalhousie before the 1851 census.  None of the known family members appear in that census, but the sheets for St. Catharines and nearby Grantham from 1851 census did not survive.  The 1851 census does list a Dorah Sinet, age 14, living in sub-district of Clinton, Lincoln County, with the McLaughlin family.[23]  Could this be a daughter of Michael and Margaret who, like Jane, was “adopted” because her widowed mother could not care for so many children?

By 1861, some of the family members appear in the census.  A “P. Sinet, ” age 25, was recorded in District 3 of Grantham Township.  His household included “M. Sinet” (male, age 16) and “M. Sinet” (female, age 50), a widow.[24]  At the same time, George and Elizabeth Bradt and their children were living in the Township of Thorold,[25] which is 7.5 km from St. Catharines by (current) road.  Other census and vital records provide glimpses into the lives of the Sinnett family in Canada:

Patrick Sennett married Mary Doyle in St. Catharines.  Patrick and Mary had six children: Mayme, Margaret, Michael, Lawrence, Matthew, and John.[26]  In about 1867 the family moved to the United States.  Patrick died in Wenona, Marshall Co., Illinois, on April 21, 1920.  Mary died in 1929.[27]  Both are buried in St. Mary’s Cemetery, Wenona.

Elizabeth Sinnett married George Bradt in about 1852.  George was born in Brantford, Brant County, Upper Canada on May 14, 1828. ^[28]  They had five children, all born in Canada: Henrietta, Charlotte, Jane, Mary, and Catherine.  Initially, they lived in Thorold, but in 1865 they moved to the United States, settling in Furnessville, Porter County, Indiana.  Around 1880 the family moved to Nebraska, where they were enumerated in Lower Loup, Deer Creek, and Oak Creek, Sherman County.[29]  Their stay in Nebraska was short, as they returned to Porter County in about 1883.²⁸  George Bradt died there on March 3, 1901, and Elizabeth followed him on April 24, 1906.[30]  They are buried in St. Patrick’s Cemetery, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana.

Margaret Sinnett married Timothy Sullivan, who was born about 1841 in Upper Canada.[31]  They had four children: Carrie,[32] William, Fred, and Frank.  They lived in St. Catharines until at least 1881.¹⁸  By 1892 they were living in Buffalo, New York.[33] Margaret died at the age of 90 on July, 14, 1931 in Niagara-On-The-Lake, Ontario.[34]  She was buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery, Buffalo, on July 16 of that year.

Mathew Sinnett married Margaret Cunningham, who was born on about May 2, 1845 in Niagara On-The-Lake, Ontario.[35]  Mathew and Margaret had seven children: Margaret, Ellen Dora, John Robert, George, Frederick, Jane, and William.  They lived much of their lives in Port Dalhousie, where Mathew worked as a miller.[36]  Mathew died in St. Catharines on May 2, 1920,[37] and Margaret died there on February 13, 1929, aged about 83.³⁵

Jane Sinnett married John Evers Cuff(e), a newspaper publisher and Mayor of St. Catharines from 1887 to 1888.  They had nine children, the oldest of whom, Kate, married Frank Paradice.  Jane lived somewhat over two years after the death of her husband, dying in St. Catharines on September 10, 1914.[38]  She was buried in the Cuffe family plot in Victoria Lawn Cemetery.

Margaret (Pepper) Sinnett, Michael’s widow, lived with her daughter Margaret Sullivan, likely from the time of the daughter’s marriage until her own death.  The records do not show what contact she had with her other children, but she lived close enough to Mathew and Jane that some interaction should have been possible.  Margaret died in St. Catharines of “old age” on July 15, 1889, having survived famine, what must have been a horrendous sea voyage, and as a widow attempting to raise her family in a new country.  According to her death certificate, she was 86 years old.[39]

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[1] According to this account there were 15 children; none of the twins survived.  The “Noonan Family History” says that the family left Ireland with their 11 children.

[2] “This information comes from Mrs. Elizabeth Bradt of Porter, IN, while visiting her sister Margaret Sinnett Sullivan in Buffalo, NY, Oct. 10, 1901.”

[3] Klennygall appears to be a misspelling of Clonegall/Clonegal.

[4] "Illinois, Deaths and Stillbirths, 1916-1947," index, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/N3YZ-8Q6 : accessed 15 Aug 2012), Patrick Sennett, 21 Apr 1920; citing reference cn 15, FHL microfilm 1562484.

[5] Griffith's Valuation Record Information [Online] http://www.askaboutireland.ie/griffith-valuation/index.xml?action=doPlaceSearch&Submit.x=31&Submit.y=10&Submit&freetext=Garryhasten.  Link to image available.  Accessed May 3, 2020.

[6] Clonegal Parish (Counties of Wicklow, Carlow, Wexford, Ireland), Clonegal (Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin), "07 Jan. 1833 to 27 Nov. 1842 04197 / 01 image 88,"  Mary Sinnott Baptism; digital images, National Library of Ireland, Catholic Parish Records at the NLI (https://registers.nli.ie/parishes/0700: accessed 24 Jun 2017).  Birth place assumed based on residence shown on baptismal record.

[7] Clonegal Parish (Counties of Wicklow, Carlow, Wexford, Ireland), Clonegal (Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin), "07 Jan. 1833 to 27 Nov. 1842 04197 / 01 image 136,"  Margaret Sinnott Baptism; digital images, National Library of Ireland, Catholic Parish Records at the NLI (https://registers.nli.ie/parishes/0700: accessed 24 Jun 2017).  Birth place assumed based on residence shown on baptismal record.

[8] Clonegal Parish (Counties of Wicklow, Carlow, Wexford, Ireland), Clonegal (Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin), 07 Jan. 1833 to 27 Nov. 1842 04197 / 01 image 178, Mathew Sinnott Baptism; digital images, National Library of Ireland, Catholic Parish Records at the NLI (https://registers.nli.ie/parishes/0700: accessed 24 Jun 2017).  Birth place assumed based on residence shown on baptismal record.

[9] Clonegal Parish (Counties of Wicklow, Carlow, Wexford, Ireland), Clonegal (Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin), “27 Nov. 1842 to 05 Dec. 1852,” Ellen Sinnott Baptism Film 04197-02 image 15; digital images, National Library of Ireland, Catholic Parish Records at the NLI (https://registers.nli.ie/parishes/0700: accessed 24 Jun 2017).  Birth place assumed based on residence shown on baptismal record.

[10] Clonegal Parish (Counties of Wicklow, Carlow, Wexford, Ireland), Clonegal (Diocese of Kildare and Leighlin), “27 Nov. 1842 to 05 Dec. 1852,” Ellen Synnott Baptism Film 04197-02, image 111; digital images, National Library of Ireland, Catholic Parish Records at the NLI (https://registers.nli.ie/parishes/0700: accessed 24 Jun 2017).

[11] FamilySearch, “Illinois, Deaths and Stillbirths, 1916-1947,” database, Discover Your Family History (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/N3YZ-8Q6: accessed 15 Aug 2012), Patrick Sennett, 21 Apr 1920; citing reference cn 15, FHL microfilm 1562484.

[12] 1861 census of Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, Ontario, Welland. Thorold. Image No.: 4391954_00204; digital images, Library and Archives, Search: Census of 1861 (https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1861/Pages/1861.aspx). Rec. Date: 4 May 2020.

[13] “United States Census, 1870”, database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MX6R-7K1: 19 March 2020).

[14] Death notice for Mrs. George H. Bradt published April 26, 1906, in The Chesterton Tribune, Volume 23, No. 4, Page 4.

[15] Burke, W.P.  1914.  “The Irish priests in the penal times (1660-1760) [microform]: from the state papers in H. M. Record Offices, Dublin and London, the Bodleian Library, and the British Museum” pp. 187-189. [Full text online] Internet Archive https://archive.org/stream/MN42003ucmf_6/MN42003ucmf_6_djvu.txt.  Accessed May 4, 2020.

[16] Universities of Hertfordshire and Sheffield and the Open University. 2018. “Punishment Sentences at the Old Bailey Late 17th Century to the early 20th Century” The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, London’s Central Criminal Court 1674 to 1913. [online] https://www.oldbaileyonline.org/static/Punishment.jsp.  Accessed May 4, 2020.

[17] Dunn, K.  2012.  A short history of mixed marriage in Ireland, Chapter 11 in Mixed Emotions: Real Stories of Mixed Marriage. Northern Ireland Mixed Marriage Association [Online] https://sharedfuture.news/2019/01/26/mixed-emotions-a-short-history-of-mixed-marriage-in-ireland/ Accessed May 9, 2020.

[18] Census of Canada, 1871, Database & Images, National Archives of Canada, Ottawa.  Image No.: 4396294 [online] https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1871/Pages/1871.aspx, and Census of Canada, 1881, Database & Images, National Archives of Canada, Ottawa.  Image No.: e008188346 [online] https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1881/Pages/1881.aspx.  Accessed May 4, 2020.

[19] Holderby, C.B.  2016.  “Protestants in Ireland their impact on society and the family,”  Family Search Research Wiki [online] https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/Protestants_in_Ireland_their_impact_on_society_and_the_ family. Accessed May 4, 2020.

[20] County Wexford is in the Province of Leinster.

[21] History.com Editors. 2017. History (the History Channel) https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/irish-potato-famine (updated June 7, 2019).

[22] Donnelly, J. 2011. The Irish Famine. BC British History. [Online] http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/famine_01.shtml

[23] 1851 census of Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, Ontario, Lincoln, Clinton.  Image No.: e002357771; digital images, Library and Archives, Search: Census of 1851 (https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1851/Pages/1851.aspx). Rec. Date: 16 May 2020.

[24] 1861 census of Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, Ontario, Lincoln, Grantham, Image No.: 4391944_00274; digital images, Library and Archives, Search: Census of 1861 (https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1861/Pages/1861.aspx). Rec. Date: 16 May 2020.  Note:  Assuming that “P” was Patrick and the male “M” was Matthew, all three were several years younger than expected based on other evidence.  However, otherwise this family fits the profile of Michael’s widow and two of their children.

[25] 1861 census of Canada East, Canada West, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, Ontario, Welland, Thorold. Image No.: 4391954_00204; digital images, Library and Archives, Search: Census of 1861 (https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1861/Pages/1861.aspx). Rec. Date: 4 May 2020.  Cit. Date: 4 May 2020. 

[26] Death notice for Patrick Sennett (unreferenced), image on Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com: accessed 17 May 2020), memorial page for Patrick Sennett (1832–1920), Find a Grave Memorial no. 95563685, citing Saint Mary’s Cemetery, Wenona, LaSalle County, Illinois, USA.

[27] Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com: accessed 17 May 2020), memorial page for Mary A. Sennett (1837–1929), Find a Grave Memorial no. 95563749, citing Saint Marys Cemetery, Wenona, LaSalle County, Illinois, USA.

[28] Death notice for George H. Bradt published March 15, 1901, in The Chesterton Tribune, Volume 17, No. 49, Page 5.

[29] “United States Census, 1880,” database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M8YL-BJJ : 14 August 2017), Elizabeth Bradt in household of George Bradt, Lower Loup, Deer Creek, and Oak Creek, Sherman, Nebraska, United States; citing enumeration district ED 160, sheet 12A, NARA microfilm publication T9 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, n.d.), FHL microfilm 1,254,756.

[30] Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com : accessed 17 May 2020), memorial page for Elizabeth Sennett Bradt (2 Feb 1833–24 Apr 1906), Find a Grave Memorial no. 44729818, citing Saint Patrick’s Cemetery, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana, USA.

[31] The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints database, Discover Your Family History (www.familysearch.org: accessed 6 Nov 2011), .Canada Census, 1871 for Timothy Sullivan Census Place: 03, St Catharine b, Lincoln 21, Ontario.

[32] Louisa, age 8 in the 1871 census, appears to correspond with Carrie, age 18 in the 1881 census.  Carrie also appears in the 1892 New York State census (age 27).

[33] Citing this Record
“New York State Census, 1892,” database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MQSJ-KD7: 18 August 2019), Timothy Sullivan, 1892; citing Buffalo, Ward 23, E.D. 02, county offices, New York; FHL microfilm 825,695.  Accessed May 18, 2020.

[34] Ontario, Canada Archives of Ontario, County Death Registers, 022223, Margaret Sinnett; digital image,  Ancestry.com Operations Inc., "County of Lincoln, Division of St. Catherine's," ancestry.ca (www.ancestry.ca: 16 Feb 2012).

[35] “Ontario Deaths, 1869-1937 and Overseas Deaths, 1939-1947,” database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JKCG-8B3: 26 March 2020), Margaret Sinnett, 13 Feb 1929; citing Lincoln, Ontario, Canada, 22223, Registrar General. Archives of Ontario, Toronto; FHL microfilm 2,210,920.

[36] “Canada Census, 1871,” database, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M43G-M4B : 24 October 2018), Mathew Sinnet, Port Dalhousie, Louth, Lincoln, Ontario, Canada; citing 1871; citing National Archives of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. Census of Canada, 1881.  Database & Images, National Archives of Canada, Ottawa.  Port Dalhousie, Lincoln, Ontario, Image No.: e008188764 [online] https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/census/1881/Pages/1881.aspx.  Accessed May 4, 2020.

[37] “Ontario Deaths, 1869-1937 and Overseas Deaths, 1939-1947,” database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JKWQ-FBX : 26 March 2020), Mathew Sirrett, 02 May 1920; citing St. Catharines, Lincoln, Ontario, rn 23176, Registrar General. Archives of Ontario, Toronto; FHL microfilm 1,863,499.

[38] “Ontario Deaths, 1869-1937 and Overseas Deaths, 1939-1947,” database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JXLR-BBX: 2 April 2020), Jane Sennett Cuffe, 10 Sep 1914; citing Saint Catharines, Grantham, Lincoln, Ontario, Canada, , Registrar General. Archives of Ontario, Toronto; FHL microfilm.

[39] “Ontario Deaths, 1869-1937 and Overseas Deaths, 1939-1947,” database with images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:JDK5-JPL: 26 March 2020), Margaret Sinnett, 15 Jul 1889; citing St. Catharines, Lincoln, Ontario, yr 1889 cn 9942, Registrar General. Archives of Ontario, Toronto; FHL microfilm 1,853,492.